PaxForex, which had no physical presence in the US, allowed traders from the country and elsewhere to trade gold and silver, as well as cryptocurrencies including ether, litecoin, and bitcoin. As such, it acted as a futures commission merchant (FCM) and a contract market without being registered to do so.After the charges were filed, the paxforex dot com domain was seized by the FBI according to an announcement on the company’s website. Paxforex changed to a dot org domain.Extra-Territorial Reach for US Regulators and Courts.The scheme has been running from March 2018 to the present and allegedly had violated the Commodity Exchange Act and agency rules in connection with soliciting and accepting orders for retail commodity transactions.Likewise, PaxForex illegally acted as the counterparty for its clients’ transactions, extended credit or accepted money and securities. Additionally, the company allowed investors to fund a margin account with bitcoins and other assets to then open leveraged positions in other asset classes. Because the transactions were not executed on a national exchange, PaxForex violated the federal securities laws.Absent certain exceptions, which do not apply to PaxForex, the US laws require that companies offering such products to be registered with the SEC and that the transactions be executed on a registered national exchange.The CFTC has asked the court to provide full restitution, disgorgement of ill-gotten gains and to pay the appropriate civil monetary penalties. In addition to fiscal claims, the agency seeks permanent registration and trading bans and a permanent injunction from future violations of federal commodities laws.The charges against PaxForex are brought amidst the multi-year crackdown against crypto firms, the latest enforcement essentially boils down to plain old-fashioned securities and commodities violations. The case is another reminder of the extra-territorial reach of US authorities as offshore firms offering unregistered financial services to local customers are subject to regulatory and criminal penalties.
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